Long thought to be thermodynamically unstable and unobservable in nature, graphene and other 2-D materials have recently been produced by several techniques, including mechanical exfoliation and CVD growth, among other techniques. A full range of room temperature and cryogenic magneto-transport and magneto-optical probes are available, as well as other characterization techniques such as AFM and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Test structures and devices down to nanometer scale dimensions are  fabricated at the NRL Nanoscience Institute facility. These experimental approaches are complemented by theoretical efforts.