This research opportunity focuses on improving the state-of-the-art concerning the seismic design and assessment of new and existing buildings, with an emphasis on low-damage structural systems and construction materials that can enable rapid recovery of building function following an earthquake. Opportunities include the following: (1) developing nonlinear structural models and conducting seismic structural evaluations of conventional and low-damage structural systems; (2) quantifying earthquake recovery metrics, including repair cost and time, casualty rate, likelihood of a red tag designation, and reparability; (3) developing cost-effective solutions to mitigate earthquake vulnerabilities in new and existing buildings; (4) quantifying the impact of earthquake selection and scaling procedures on building design and assessment; (5) developing guidelines for low-damage structural systems; and (6) developing and testing new low-damage technologies for seismic performance enhancement.