The physics of dusty plasmas is investigated in laboratory experiments. A dusty plasma is an ionized gas that also contains charged microparticles. Dusty plasmas are of interest in basic physics, semiconductor manufacturing, and space physics. The NRL DUPLEX and DUPLEX Jr. devices are among the world’s largest laboratory dusty plasma chambers. These unique chambers are constructed from transparent polycarbonate, providing optical access of the experimental region from nearly all directions. Current research focuses on understanding basic properties, such as the charging mechanisms and macroscopic structuring of charged particle clouds, as well as investigations of dusty plasma dynamics.